REVIEW ARTICLE
Year : 2015 | Volume
: 31 | Issue : 4 | Page : 312--319
Treatment options in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after BCG failure
Nathan A Brooks, Michael A O'Donnell
Department of Urology, The University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
Correspondence Address:
Michael A O'Donnell
Department of Urology, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., 3 RCP, Iowa City, Iowa - 52242-1089
USA
Bladder cancer is the ninth-most prevalent cancer worldwide. Most patients with urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder present with non-muscle-invasive disease and are treated with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) intravesical therapy. Many of these patients experience disease recurrence after BCG failure. Radical cystectomy is the recommended treatment for high-risk patients failing BCG. However, many patients are unfit for or unwilling to undergo this procedure. We searched the published literature on the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after BCG failure. We review current evidence regarding intravesical therapy with gemcitabine, mitomycin combined with thermo-chemotherapy, docetaxel, nab-paclitaxel, photodynamic therapy (PDT), BCG with interferon (IFN), and combination sequentially administered chemotherapy.
How to cite this article:
Brooks NA, O'Donnell MA. Treatment options in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after BCG failure.Indian J Urol 2015;31:312-319
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How to cite this URL:
Brooks NA, O'Donnell MA. Treatment options in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after BCG failure. Indian J Urol [serial online] 2015 [cited 2021 Jan 20 ];31:312-319
Available from: https://www.indianjurol.com/article.asp?issn=0970-1591;year=2015;volume=31;issue=4;spage=312;epage=319;aulast=Brooks;type=0 |
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