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UROLOGICAL IMAGES |
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| Year : 2017 | Volume
: 33
| Issue : 2 | Page : 171-172 |
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A single left renal vein draining into the common iliac vein
Awad Bakhit Kaabneh1, Sizeph Edward Haddad2, Feras Ahmad Hammouri1, Abdalla Yosef Omari2, Mohammad K Abdadayem3
1 Consultant Urology, King Hussein Medical City, Prince Hussein Urology and Organ Transplant, King Hussein Medical City, Amman, Jordan
2 Department of Radiology, Consultant Radiology, King Hussein Medical City, Amman, Jordan
3 Urology Spicialist, King Hussein Medical City, Prince Hussein Urology and Organ Transplant, King Hussein Medical City, Amman, Jordan
| Date of Submission | 20-Oct-2016 |
| Date of Acceptance | 07-Jan-2017 |
| Date of Web Publication | 30-Mar-2017 |
Correspondence Address:
Awad Bakhit Kaabneh
Consultant Urology, King Hussein Medical City, Prince Hussein Urology and Organ Transplant, King Hussein Medical City, Amman
Jordan
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/iju.IJU_356_16
 Abstract | | |
Several variations of the anatomy of the left renal vein have been reported. Rare variants are frequently overlooked in the preoperative assessment but can lead to complications during surgery. We describe a kidney donor with a rare anomaly of a single main left renal vein draining into the left common iliac vein.
How to cite this article:
Kaabneh AB, Haddad SE, Hammouri FA, Omari AY, Abdadayem MK. A single left renal vein draining into the common iliac vein. Indian J Urol 2017;33:171-2 |
| Introduction | |  |
Renal transplantation surgery has become frequent due to the superiority of transplant over dialysis.[1] Preoperative renal vascular anatomy mapping of the donor and utilizing advanced radiological imaging may improve the outcome of surgery. In this report, we describe a case of a kidney donor with a single left renal vein draining to the left common iliac vein.
| Case Report | | |
A 21-year-old woman presented to our service to donate a kidney for her father. Renal computed tomography angiography was performed. The study revealed a single main left renal vein, coursing in the left para-aortic space and heading toward the bony pelvis [Figure 1]. During open donor nephrectomy, the left renal vein was tracked to the pelvis where it joined the left common iliac vein. There were three tributaries to the renal vein: the left adrenal, ovarian, and lumbar veins. The harvested kidney was successfully transplanted into the recipient. | Figure 1: CT angiogram image demonstrating the left renal vein draining into the common iliac vein (arrowhead)
Click here to view |
| Discussion | | |
The most common course of the left renal vein is posterior to the superior mesenteric artery, anterior to the aorta, and cranial to the inferior mesenteric artery, where it drains into the inferior vena cava.[2] There are several reports of variations in the left renal vein drainage; common variants include a retroaortic left renal vein and circumaortic left renal vein with a reported incidence of 0.5%–3.1% and 0.02%, respectively.[3] In this case, a single main left renal vein received drainage from the left suprarenal, ovarian, and lumbar veins as it traveled in the left para-aortic space caudally and eventually drained in the left common iliac vein.
Three previous reports describe this rare anomaly of the left renal vein; Brancatelli et al., in 2000, reported one case of the retroaortic left renal vein joining the left iliac vein,[4] Karaman et al. reported that only three of 1856 patients had such variations,[5] and Kawai et al. reported one case of two left renal veins: one retroaorta drained into the inferior vena cava and the other drained into the left common iliac vein.[2]
| Conclusion | | |
Renal vascular variants are not uncommon and can be a risk factor for injury in retroperitoneal surgery. Failure to recognize such variations could result in vascular injury and subsequent severe bleeding. In the present case, preoperative assessment and intraoperative awareness of this rare renal venous variation allowed the surgery to be carried on safely.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
| References | | |
| 1. | McDonald S, Excell L, Livingston B, editors. 33 rd ANZDATA Registry Report 2010. Adelaide: Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, 3.2; 2011.  |
| 2. | Kawai K, Tanaka T, Watanabe T. A rare anomaly of left renal vein drainage into the left common iliac vein: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2016;20:4-6. |
| 3. | Dilli A, Ayaz UY, Karabacak OR, Tatar IG, Hekimoglu B. Study of the left renal variations by means of magnetic resonance imaging. Surg Radiol Anat 2012;34:267-70. |
| 4. | Brancatelli G, Galia M, Finazzo M, Sparacia G, Pardo S, Lagalla R. Retroaortic left renal vein joining the left common iliac vein. Eur Radiol 2000;10:1724-5. |
| 5. | Karaman B, Koplay M, Ozturk E, Basekim CC, Ogul H, Mutlu H, et al. Retroaortic left renal vein: Multidetector computed tomography angiography findings and its clinical importance. Acta Radiol 2007;48:355-60. |
[Figure 1]
| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
Variant formation of left common iliac vein by the confluence of four veins |
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| S.B. Nayak, S.K. Vasudeva | | Morphologie. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
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